Philadelphia, Pennsylvania planting calendar and frost dates
Philadelphia is in USDA hardiness zone 7b. The last spring frost typically comes around March 30 and the first fall frost around November 17, giving about 232 frost-free days a year.
- Hardiness zone
- Zone 7b
- Typical last frost
- March 30
- Typical first frost
- November 17
- Frost-free season
- 232 days
Frost dates in Philadelphia
Last spring frost
- March 15Risky: frost later than this in 9 years out of 10
- March 30Typical: a later frost in half of years
- April 12Safe: a later frost only 1 year in 10
First fall frost
- November 4Risky: frost earlier than this 1 year in 10
- November 17Typical: an earlier frost in half of years
- December 4Late: frost before this in 9 years out of 10
The growing season between the typical last and first frosts is about 232 days. Frost here means a low of 32°F at the weather station. A hard freeze (28°F), which damages most hardy crops too, typically ends around March 17 and returns around November 29.
NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-2020 for Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 miles NW of the city center. Low-lying and rural spots often frost later in spring and earlier in fall than airports and city centers.
What to plant each month in Philadelphia
January
Start indoors: broccoli, cabbages, cauliflower, collard greens, kale, leeks, onions, oregano, parsley, petunias, ranunculus, rosemary, snapdragons
February
Start indoors: black-eyed susans, broccoli, cabbages, cauliflower, celery, chives, cilantro, collard greens, eggplants, ginger, leeks, lettuce, marigolds, nasturtiums, oregano, parsley, peppers, petunias, ranunculus, rosemary, sage, snapdragons, spinach, swiss chard
Plant or sow outdoors: black-eyed susans, blueberries, garlic, grapes, grass seed, hollyhocks, kale, onions, peas, poppies, raspberries, rhubarb, strawberries, turnips, wildflowers
March
Start indoors: basil, cantaloupes, celery, cilantro, cucumbers, eggplants, marigolds, nasturtiums, peppers, pumpkins, ranunculus, tomatoes, watermelons, winter squash, zucchini
Plant or sow outdoors: asparagus, beets, black-eyed susans, blackberries, blueberries, broccoli, cabbages, carrots, cauliflower, chives, cilantro, collard greens, dahlias, dill, figs, garden mums, garlic, gladioli, grapes, grass seed, green onions, hollyhocks, kale, lavenders, leeks, lettuce, lilies, marigolds, mints, nasturtiums, onions, oregano, parsley, peas, petunias, poppies, potatoes, radishes, ranunculus, raspberries, rhubarb, rosemary, roses, sage, snapdragons, spinach, strawberries, sunflowers, sweet corn, swiss chard, thyme, turnips, wildflowers
April
Start indoors: cantaloupes, cosmos, cucumbers, okra, pumpkins, watermelons, winter squash, zucchini
Plant or sow outdoors: asparagus, basil, cantaloupes, chives, cilantro, cucumbers, dahlias, dill, eggplants, garden mums, ginger, gladioli, grapes, green beans, green onions, kentucky bluegrass, lavenders, lettuce, lilies, marigolds, mints, nasturtiums, oregano, parsley, peppers, perennial ryegrass, petunias, potatoes, pumpkins, ranunculus, rosemary, sage, spinach, sunflowers, sweet corn, sweet peas, swiss chard, tall fescue, thyme, tomatoes, watermelons, winter squash, zucchini
May
Start indoors: zinnias
Plant or sow outdoors: asparagus, basil, bermudagrass, cantaloupes, celery, centipedegrass, cosmos, cucumbers, eggplants, green beans, green onions, okra, peanuts, peppers, pumpkins, st. augustinegrass, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, watermelons, winter squash, zinnias, zoysiagrass, zucchini
June
Plant or sow outdoors: bermudagrass, centipedegrass, green onions, okra, st. augustinegrass, zinnias, zoysiagrass
July
August
Plant for fall: bearded irises, brussels sprouts, carrots, collard greens, cucumbers, green beans, lettuce, peas, peppers, potatoes, snapdragons, sweet corn, swiss chard, tomatoes, zucchini
September
Plant for fall: azaleas, bearded irises, beets, broccoli, cabbages, carrots, cauliflower, clematis, collard greens, coneflowers, cucumbers, daylilies, green beans, hostas, hydrangeas, kale, lettuce, peas, radishes, roses, saffron, snapdragons, spinach, swiss chard, turnips, zucchini
October
Plant for fall: azaleas, bearded irises, cabbages, cauliflower, clematis, coneflowers, crocuses, daffodils, daylilies, grass seed, hostas, hyacinths, hydrangeas, kale, kentucky bluegrass, lilies, ornamental alliums, peonies, perennial ryegrass, radishes, roses, saffron, spinach, tall fescue, tulips
November
Plant for fall: crocuses, daffodils, garlic, hyacinths, lilies, ornamental alliums, peonies, tulips
December
Start indoors: onions
Plant for fall: crocuses, garlic, hyacinths, ornamental alliums, tulips
Frost dates and zones by ZIP code in Philadelphia
All 12 of Philadelphia's main ZIP codes take their frost dates from Phila Franklin Inst, so the dates on this page apply across the city. Every one of them is in zone 7b.
| ZIP code | Zone | Weather station | Typical last frost | Typical first frost |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19111 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19114 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19115 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19116 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19124 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19128 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19131 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19136 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19145 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19148 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19153 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
| 19154 | 7b | Phila Franklin Inst, 0.6 mi NW | Mar 30 | Nov 17 |
Planting dates for popular crops in Philadelphia
| Plant | Start indoors | Plant or sow outdoors | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomatoes | Mar 1 to 15 | Apr 26 to May 10 | Aug 4 to 11 |
| Strawberries | — | Feb 16 to Mar 2 | — |
| Lettuce | Feb 2 to 16 | Mar 23 to Apr 6 | Aug 18 to Sep 22 |
| Cilantro | Feb 16 to Mar 2 | Mar 30 to Apr 6 | — |
| Basil | Mar 8 to 22 | Apr 26 to May 3 | — |
| Potatoes | — | Mar 31 to Apr 7 | Jul 28 to Aug 4 |
| Garlic | — | Feb 16 to Mar 2 | Nov 17 to Dec 1 |
| Onions | Dec 8 to Jan 19 | Mar 2 to 16 | — |
| Cucumbers | Mar 29 to Apr 12 | Apr 26 to May 10 | Aug 18 to Sep 1 |
| Pumpkins | Mar 29 to Apr 12 | Apr 26 to May 10 | — |
| Peppers | Feb 8 to Mar 8 | Apr 26 to May 10 | Jul 28 to Aug 25 |
| Carrots | — | Mar 9 to 30 | Aug 25 to Sep 15 |
| Sweet Potatoes | — | May 13 to 20 | — |
| Watermelons | Mar 22 to Apr 5 | Apr 26 to May 10 | — |
| Sweet Corn | — | Mar 31 to Apr 14 | Aug 11 to 25 |
| Green Beans | — | Apr 26 to May 10 | Aug 25 to Sep 1 |
| Zucchini | Mar 29 to Apr 12 | Apr 26 to May 10 | Aug 25 to Sep 8 |
| Broccoli | Jan 12 to Feb 2 | Mar 2 to 16 | Sep 1 to 29 |
| Peas | — | Feb 16 to Mar 2 | Aug 25 to Sep 8 |
| Spinach | Feb 16 to 23 | Mar 23 to Apr 6 | Sep 8 to Oct 13 |
| Sunflowers | — | Mar 31 to Apr 21 | — |
| Zinnias | May 2 to 9 | May 30 to Jun 13 | — |
| Tulips | — | — | Oct 6 to Dec 1 |
| Daffodils | — | — | Oct 6 to Nov 17 |
| Grass Seed | — | Feb 16 to Mar 2 | Oct 6 to 20 |
Nearby cities
- Camden, NJ zone 7b, last frost Apr 2
- Trenton, NJ zone 7b, last frost Apr 10
- Wilmington, DE zone 7b, last frost Apr 7
- Vineland, NJ zone 7a, last frost Apr 24
- Allentown, PA zone 7a, last frost Apr 20
- Bethlehem, PA zone 7a, last frost Apr 20
Planting in PennsylvaniaAbout zone 7bPrintable calendar for Philadelphia
Questions
When is the last frost in Philadelphia?
Around March 30 in a typical year, based on NOAA's 1991-2020 records for Phila Franklin Inst. There is still a 1 in 10 chance of frost after April 12.
What planting zone is Philadelphia in?
USDA hardiness zone 7b (2023 map). The zone tells you which perennials survive the winter; planting dates depend on frost dates instead.
When should I plant tomatoes in Philadelphia?
Start seeds indoors March 1 to 15 and set plants out April 26 to May 10.
When is the first frost in Philadelphia?
Around November 17 in a typical year, and before November 4 about 1 year in 10.