St. Louis, Missouri planting calendar and frost dates
St. Louis is in USDA hardiness zone 7a. The last spring frost typically comes around April 8 and the first fall frost around October 26, giving about 200 frost-free days a year.
- Hardiness zone
- Zone 7a
- Typical last frost
- April 8
- Typical first frost
- October 26
- Frost-free season
- 200 days
Frost dates in St. Louis
Last spring frost
- March 23Risky: frost later than this in 9 years out of 10
- April 8Typical: a later frost in half of years
- April 23Safe: a later frost only 1 year in 10
First fall frost
- October 12Risky: frost earlier than this 1 year in 10
- October 26Typical: an earlier frost in half of years
- November 7Late: frost before this in 9 years out of 10
The growing season between the typical last and first frosts is about 200 days. Frost here means a low of 32°F at the weather station. A hard freeze (28°F), which damages most hardy crops too, typically ends around March 28 and returns around November 6.
NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-2020 for Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 miles SSE of the city center. Low-lying and rural spots often frost later in spring and earlier in fall than airports and city centers.
What to plant each month in St. Louis
January
Start indoors: broccoli, cabbages, cauliflower, collard greens, kale, leeks, onions, oregano, parsley, petunias, ranunculus, rosemary, snapdragons
February
Start indoors: black-eyed susans, broccoli, cabbages, cauliflower, celery, chives, cilantro, collard greens, eggplants, ginger, kale, leeks, lettuce, marigolds, nasturtiums, oregano, parsley, peppers, petunias, ranunculus, rosemary, sage, snapdragons, spinach, swiss chard
Plant or sow outdoors: black-eyed susans, blueberries, garlic, grapes, grass seed, hollyhocks, onions, peas, poppies, raspberries, rhubarb, strawberries, turnips, wildflowers
March
Start indoors: basil, cantaloupes, celery, cilantro, cosmos, cucumbers, eggplants, marigolds, nasturtiums, okra, peppers, pumpkins, ranunculus, spinach, swiss chard, tomatoes, watermelons, winter squash, zucchini
Plant or sow outdoors: asparagus, beets, black-eyed susans, blackberries, blueberries, broccoli, cabbages, carrots, cauliflower, chives, cilantro, collard greens, dahlias, dill, figs, garlic, gladioli, grapes, grass seed, green onions, hollyhocks, kale, leeks, lettuce, onions, parsley, peas, poppies, potatoes, radishes, ranunculus, raspberries, rhubarb, roses, snapdragons, spinach, strawberries, swiss chard, turnips, wildflowers
April
Start indoors: cantaloupes, cosmos, cucumbers, okra, pumpkins, watermelons, winter squash, zinnias, zucchini
Plant or sow outdoors: asparagus, basil, beets, cantaloupes, carrots, cauliflower, chives, cilantro, cucumbers, dahlias, dill, eggplants, figs, garden mums, ginger, gladioli, grapes, green beans, green onions, kentucky bluegrass, lavenders, leeks, lettuce, lilies, marigolds, mints, nasturtiums, oregano, parsley, peppers, perennial ryegrass, petunias, potatoes, pumpkins, ranunculus, rosemary, roses, sage, snapdragons, spinach, sunflowers, sweet corn, sweet peas, swiss chard, tall fescue, thyme, tomatoes, watermelons, winter squash, zucchini
May
Start indoors: zinnias
Plant or sow outdoors: asparagus, basil, bermudagrass, cantaloupes, celery, centipedegrass, cosmos, cucumbers, eggplants, garden mums, green beans, green onions, okra, peanuts, peppers, pumpkins, st. augustinegrass, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, watermelons, winter squash, zinnias, zoysiagrass, zucchini
June
Plant or sow outdoors: bermudagrass, centipedegrass, green onions, okra, st. augustinegrass, zinnias, zoysiagrass
July
Plant for fall: brussels sprouts, collard greens, lettuce, swiss chard
August
Plant for fall: azaleas, bearded irises, beets, broccoli, cabbages, carrots, cauliflower, clematis, collard greens, coneflowers, daylilies, hostas, hydrangeas, kale, lettuce, peas, radishes, roses, saffron, snapdragons, spinach, swiss chard, turnips
September
Plant for fall: azaleas, bearded irises, beets, broccoli, cabbages, cauliflower, clematis, coneflowers, crocuses, daffodils, daylilies, grass seed, hostas, hyacinths, hydrangeas, kale, kentucky bluegrass, lilies, ornamental alliums, peonies, perennial ryegrass, radishes, roses, saffron, spinach, tall fescue, tulips, turnips
October
Plant for fall: crocuses, daffodils, daylilies, garlic, hyacinths, lilies, ornamental alliums, peonies, tulips
November
Plant for fall: crocuses, garlic, hyacinths, ornamental alliums, tulips
December
Start indoors: onions
Frost dates and zones by ZIP code in St. Louis
All 16 of St. Louis's main ZIP codes take their frost dates from Cahokia St Louis Airport, so the dates on this page apply across the city. Every one of them is in zone 7a.
| ZIP code | Zone | Weather station | Typical last frost | Typical first frost |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 63103 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63104 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63106 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63107 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63108 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63109 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63110 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63111 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63112 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63113 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63115 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63116 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63118 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63120 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63139 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
| 63147 | 7a | Cahokia St Louis Airport, 4.4 mi SSE | Apr 8 | Oct 26 |
Planting dates for popular crops in St. Louis
| Plant | Start indoors | Plant or sow outdoors | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomatoes | Mar 1 to 15 | Apr 26 to May 10 | — |
| Strawberries | — | Feb 25 to Mar 11 | — |
| Lettuce | Feb 11 to 25 | Apr 1 to 15 | Jul 27 to Aug 31 |
| Cilantro | Feb 25 to Mar 11 | Apr 8 to 15 | — |
| Basil | Mar 8 to 22 | Apr 26 to May 3 | — |
| Potatoes | — | Mar 28 to Apr 4 | — |
| Garlic | — | Feb 25 to Mar 11 | Oct 26 to Nov 9 |
| Onions | Dec 17 to Jan 28 | Mar 11 to 25 | — |
| Cucumbers | Mar 29 to Apr 12 | Apr 26 to May 10 | — |
| Pumpkins | Mar 29 to Apr 12 | Apr 26 to May 10 | — |
| Peppers | Feb 8 to Mar 8 | Apr 26 to May 10 | — |
| Carrots | — | Mar 18 to Apr 8 | Aug 3 to 24 |
| Sweet Potatoes | — | May 11 to 18 | — |
| Watermelons | Mar 22 to Apr 5 | Apr 26 to May 10 | — |
| Sweet Corn | — | Apr 8 to 22 | — |
| Green Beans | — | Apr 26 to May 10 | — |
| Zucchini | Mar 29 to Apr 12 | Apr 26 to May 10 | — |
| Broccoli | Jan 21 to Feb 11 | Mar 11 to 25 | Aug 10 to Sep 7 |
| Peas | — | Feb 25 to Mar 11 | Aug 3 to 17 |
| Spinach | Feb 25 to Mar 4 | Apr 1 to 15 | Aug 17 to Sep 21 |
| Sunflowers | — | Apr 8 to 29 | — |
| Zinnias | Apr 29 to May 6 | May 27 to Jun 10 | — |
| Tulips | — | — | Sep 14 to Nov 9 |
| Daffodils | — | — | Sep 14 to Oct 26 |
| Grass Seed | — | Feb 25 to Mar 11 | Sep 14 to 28 |
Nearby cities
- Florissant, MO zone 7a, last frost Apr 2
- St. Charles, MO zone 6b, last frost Apr 2
- St. Peters, MO zone 6b, last frost Apr 8
- O'Fallon, MO zone 6b, last frost Apr 10
- Springfield, IL zone 6a, last frost Apr 14
- Decatur, IL zone 6a, last frost Apr 14
Planting in MissouriAbout zone 7aPrintable calendar for St. Louis
Questions
When is the last frost in St. Louis?
Around April 8 in a typical year, based on NOAA's 1991-2020 records for Cahokia St Louis Airport. There is still a 1 in 10 chance of frost after April 23.
What planting zone is St. Louis in?
USDA hardiness zone 7a (2023 map). The zone tells you which perennials survive the winter; planting dates depend on frost dates instead.
When should I plant tomatoes in St. Louis?
Start seeds indoors March 1 to 15 and set plants out April 26 to May 10.
When is the first frost in St. Louis?
Around October 26 in a typical year, and before October 12 about 1 year in 10.